The Efficacy of Age-Gating in Regulating the Digital Age of Consent - Technology bibliographies - in Harvard style

In-text: (Alsaleem, Alitzer Jr and Denning, 2018)

Your Bibliography: Alsaleem, A., Alitzer Jr, R. and Denning, T., 2018. How Old Are You?: Towards Identifying Measurable Cognitive Phenomena for Online Age Verification. USENIX Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security, [online] Available at: <https://www.cs.utah.edu/~tdenning/files/papers/way2018-alsaleem.pdf> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Blake, 2019)

Your Bibliography: Blake, P., 2019. Age verification for online porn: more harm than good?. Porn Studies, [online] 6(2), pp.228-237. Available at: <https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23268743.2018.1555054> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Braun and Kayali, 2020)

Your Bibliography: Braun, E. and Kayali, L., 2020. France to introduce controversial age verification system for adult websites. Politico, [online] Available at: <https://www.politico.eu/article/france-to-introduce-controversial-age-verification-system-for-adult-pornography-websites/> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Brown, 2022)

Your Bibliography: Brown, T., 2022. Digital Economy Act 2017 (Commencement of Part 3) Bill [HL]. [online] House of Lords Library. Available at: <https://lordslibrary.parliament.uk/digital-economy-act-2017-commencement-of-part-3-bill-hl/#:~:text=The%20Explanatory%20Notes%20to%20the,content%20was%20accessed%20online%20from> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Cross, 2005)

Your Bibliography: Cross, J., 2005. Age Verification in the 21st Century: Swiping away Your Privacy. John Marshall Journal of Computer and Information Law, [online] 23(2), pp.363-410. Available at: <https://heinonline-org.ucd.idm.oclc.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/jmjcila23&div=15&id=&page=&collection=journals> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Digital Economy Act)

Your Bibliography: Digital Economy Act. 14-21.

In-text: (Dumitrascu, 2022)

Your Bibliography: Dumitrascu, M., 2022. Age verification and data protection: Far more difficult than it looks. [online] Iapp.org. Available at: <https://iapp.org/news/a/age-verification-and-data-protection-far-more-difficult-than-it-looks/> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (euConsent, n.d.)

Your Bibliography: euConsent. n.d. euConsent. [online] Available at: <https://euconsent.eu/> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Faddis, 2021)

Your Bibliography: Faddis, E., 2021. France threatens to block five pornography websites unless they enforce age verification restrictions. Washington Examiner, [online] Available at: <https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/france-threatens-to-block-five-pornography-websites-unless-they-enforce-age-verification-restrictions> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Fryer, 2017)

Your Bibliography: Fryer, T., 2017. Watching without mother [age verification technology]. Engineering & Technology, [online] 12(10), pp.40-43. Available at: <https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8402045> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (GCHQ, 2020)

Your Bibliography: GCHQ, 2020. VoCO (Verification of Children Online) Phase 2 Report. [online] London: GCHQ. Available at: <https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/934131/November_VoCO_report_V4__pdf.pdf> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Gilbert, 2008)

Your Bibliography: Gilbert, F., 2008. Age Verification as a Shield for Minors on the Internet: A Quixotic Search?. Shidler Journal of Law, Commerce & Technology, [online] 5(2), pp.1-14. Available at: <https://heinonline-org.ucd.idm.oclc.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/washjolta5&div=9&id=&page=&collection=journals> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Online Age Verification: How to Prevent Sales to Minors Without Alienating Legitimate Customers, 2022)

Your Bibliography: https://www.trulioo.com. 2022. Online Age Verification: How to Prevent Sales to Minors Without Alienating Legitimate Customers. [online] Available at: <https://www.trulioo.com/blog/online-age-verification> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Ilyas, Othmani, Fournier and Nait-ali, 2019)

Your Bibliography: Ilyas, M., Othmani, A., Fournier, R. and Nait-ali, A., 2019. Auditory Perception Based Anti-Spoofing System for Human Age Verification. Electronics, [online] 8(11), p.1313. Available at: <https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/8/11/1313> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Jiang, 2019)

Your Bibliography: Jiang, X., 2019. Age Verification, Porn Tube Sites and Children's Rights. Master of Laws. Leiden University, https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/binaries/content/assets/rechtsgeleerdheid/instituut-voor-privaatrecht/jeugdrecht/xin-jiang---age-verification-porn-tube-sites-and-childrens-rights.pdf.

In-text: (Kanda et al., 2010)

Your Bibliography: Kanda, H., Osaki, Y., Ohida, T., Kaneita, Y. and Munezawa, T., 2010. Age verification cards fail to fully prevent minors from accessing tobacco products. Tobacco Control, [online] 20(2), pp.163-165. Available at: <http://Age verification cards fail to fully prevent minors from accessing tobacco products> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Margetts et al., 2021)

Your Bibliography: Margetts, H., Lehdonvirta, V., González‐Bailón, S., Hutchinson, J., Bright, J., Nash, V. and Sutcliffe, D., 2021. The Internet and public policy: Future directions. Policy & Internet, [online] 13(2), pp.162-184. Available at: <https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/poi3.263> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Milkaite and Lievens, 2019)

Your Bibliography: Milkaite, I. and Lievens, E., 2019. The changing patchwork of the child's age of consent for data processing across the EU (January 2019). Better Internet for Kids, [online] Available at: <https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8601665/file/8601666> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Nash, O'Connell, Zevenbergen and Mishkin, 2012)

Your Bibliography: Nash, V., O'Connell, R., Zevenbergen, B. and Mishkin, A., 2012. Effective Age Verification Techniques: Lessons to Be Learnt from the Online Gambling Industry. SSRN Electronic Journal, [online] Available at: <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2658038> [Accessed 6 March 2022].

In-text: (Pasquale et al., 2020)

Your Bibliography: Pasquale, L., Zippo, P., Curley, C., O'Neill, B. and Mongiello, M., 2020. Digital Age of Consent and Age Verification: Can They Protect Children?. IEEE Software, [online] pp.0-0. Available at: <https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9295422> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Pierce, 2015)

Your Bibliography: Pierce, J., 2015. Online age-verification fails to prevent minors from purchasing e-cigarettes. [online] Healio.com. Available at: <https://www.healio.com/news/pediatrics/20150411/online-age-verification-fails-to-prevent-minors-from-purchasing-e-cigarettes> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Polonetsky, 2009)

Your Bibliography: Polonetsky, J., 2009. Age Verification for Children: A Survey of Tools and Resources.

In-text: (Reznikov, 2007)

Your Bibliography: Reznikov, B., 2007. "Can I See Some ID?" Age Verification Requirements for the Online Liquor Store. Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts, [online] 4(2). Available at: <https://digitalcommons.law.uw.edu/wjlta/vol4/iss2/4/> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Szoka and Thierer, 2009)

Your Bibliography: Szoka, B. and Thierer, A., 2009. COPPA 2.0: The New Battle Over Privacy, Age Verification, Online Safety & Free Speech. SSRN Electronic Journal, [online] Available at: <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1408204> [Accessed 6 March 2022].

In-text: (Thierer, 2007)

Your Bibliography: Thierer, A., 2007. Social Networking and Age Verification: Many Hard Questions; No Easy Solutions. SSRN Electronic Journal, [online] Available at: <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=976936> [Accessed 5 March 2022].

In-text: (UNICEF, 2021)

Your Bibliography: UNICEF, 2021. Digital Age Assurance Tools and Children's Rights Online across the Globe. [online] Available at: <https://c-fam.org/wp-content/uploads/Digital-Age-Assurance-Tools-and-Childrens-Rights-Online-across-the-Globe.pdf> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Vander Maelen, n.d.)

Your Bibliography: Vander Maelen, C., n.d. Online Age Verification Mechanisms in the Personal Data Protection Framework.

In-text: (German Age Verification Law | JMStV, AVMSD | VerifyMyAge, 2021)

Your Bibliography: VerifyMyAge Blog. 2021. German Age Verification Law | JMStV, AVMSD | VerifyMyAge. [online] Available at: <https://verifymyage.co.uk/blog/german-age-verification-law/> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (In the next decade, we won't be able to do anything online without proving who we are first, 2021)

Your Bibliography: VerifyMyAge Blog. 2021. In the next decade, we won't be able to do anything online without proving who we are first. [online] Available at: <https://verifymyage.co.uk/blog/in-the-next-decade-we-wont-be-able-to-do-anything-online-without-proving-who-we-are-first/> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Whitman, 2008)

Your Bibliography: Whitman, M., 2008. Is MySpace a Good Kids' Space - A Look at the Implications of the January 2008 MySpace - Attorneys General Agreement Concerning Online Age Verification. I/S: A Journal of Law and Policy for the Information Society, [online] 4(3), pp.731- 754. Available at: <https://heinonline-org.ucd.idm.oclc.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/isjlpsoc4&i=751> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Woodhouse, 2019)

Your Bibliography: Woodhouse, J., 2019. Online pornography: age verification. London: House of Commons Library, https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8551/CBP-8551.pdf, pp.1-19.

In-text: (Woodward, 2000)

Your Bibliography: Woodward, J., 2000. Is Biometrics an Age Verification Techology. RAND Testimony. [online] Santa Monica, CA: RAND, pp.1-6. Available at: <https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA380604> [Accessed 7 March 2022].

In-text: (Yar, 2019)

Your Bibliography: Yar, M., 2019. Protecting children from internet pornography? A critical assessment of statutory age verification and its enforcement in the UK. Policing: An International Journal, [online] 43(1), pp.183-197. Available at: <https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/PIJPSM-07-2019-0108/full/html> [Accessed 7 March 2022].