These are the sources and citations used to research Dissertation. This bibliography was generated on Cite This For Me on
In-text: (Agliata and Tantleff-Dunn, 2004)
Your Bibliography: Agliata, D. and Tantleff-Dunn, S., 2004. The Impact of Media Exposure on Males' Body Image. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23(1), pp.7-22.
In-text: (Andreasson and Johansson, 2014)
Your Bibliography: Andreasson, J. and Johansson, T., 2014. The Fitness Revolution. Historical Transformations in the Global Gym and Fitness Culture. Sport Science Review, 23(3-4).
In-text: (Andreasson and Johansson, 2018)
Your Bibliography: Andreasson, J. and Johansson, T., 2018. Extreme sports, extreme bodies: Gender, identities and bodies in motion. Cham: Springer International Publishing :Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan.
In-text: (Andreasson and Johansson, 2018)
Your Bibliography: Andreasson, J. and Johansson, T., 2018. Glocalised fitness: the franchising of a physical movement, fitness professionalism and gender. Leisure/Loisir, 42(3), pp.301-321.
In-text: (Baghurst, Parish and Denny, 2014)
Your Bibliography: Baghurst, T., Parish, A. and Denny, G., 2014. Why Women Become Competitive Amateur Bodybuilders. Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal, 22(1), pp.5-9.
In-text: (Barron, Krumrei-Mancuso and Harriger, 2021)
Your Bibliography: Barron, A., Krumrei-Mancuso, E. and Harriger, J., 2021. The effects of fitspiration and self-compassion Instagram posts on body image and self-compassion in men and women. Body Image, 37, pp.14-27.
In-text: (Blashill, 2011)
Your Bibliography: Blashill, A., 2011. Gender roles, eating pathology, and body dissatisfaction in men: A meta-analysis. Body Image, 8(1), pp.1-11.
In-text: (Blashill et al., 2020)
Your Bibliography: Blashill, A., Grunewald, W., Fang, A., Davidson, E. and Wilhelm, S., 2020. Conformity to masculine norms and symptom severity among men diagnosed with muscle dysmorphia vs. body dysmorphic disorder. PLOS ONE, 15(8), p.e0237651.
In-text: (Bratland-Sanda and Sundgot-Borgen, 2012)
Your Bibliography: Bratland-Sanda, S. and Sundgot-Borgen, J., 2012. Symptoms of Eating Disorders, Drive for Muscularity and Physical Activity Among Norwegian Adolescents. European Eating Disorders Review, 20(4), pp.287-293.
In-text: (Bratland-Sanda, Sundgot-Borgen and Myklebust, 2015)
Your Bibliography: Bratland-Sanda, S., Sundgot-Borgen, J. and Myklebust, G., 2015. Injuries and musculoskeletal pain among Norwegian group fitness instructors. European Journal of Sport Science, 15(8), pp.784-792.
In-text: (Brennan, Wells and Van Hout, 2018)
Your Bibliography: Brennan, R., Wells, J. and Van Hout, M., 2018. “Raw juicing” – an online study of the home manufacture of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) for injection in contemporary performance and image enhancement (PIED) culture. Performance Enhancement & Health, 6(1), pp.21-27.
In-text: (Brown and Graham, 2008)
Your Bibliography: Brown, J. and Graham, D., 2008. Body Satisfaction in Gym-active Males: An Exploration of Sexuality, Gender, and Narcissism. Sex Roles, 59(1-2), pp.94-106.
In-text: (Burch and Johnsen, 2020)
Your Bibliography: Burch, R. and Johnsen, L., 2020. Captain Dorito and the bombshell: Supernormal stimuli in comics and film. Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences, 14(2), pp.115-131.
In-text: (Calogero and Thompson, 2010)
Your Bibliography: Calogero, R. and Thompson, J., 2010. Gender and Body Image. In: J. Chrisler and D. McCreary, ed., Handbook of Gender Research in Psychology. [online] New York: Springer. Available at: <https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1467-5_8> [Accessed 26 July 2022].
In-text: (Christley, 2010)
Your Bibliography: Christley, R., 2010. Power and Error: Increased Risk of False Positive Results in Underpowered Studies. The Open Epidemiology Journal, 3(1), pp.16-19.
In-text: (Coen, Rosenberg and Davidson, 2018)
Your Bibliography: Coen, S., Rosenberg, M. and Davidson, J., 2018. “It's gym, like g-y-m not J-i-m”: Exploring the role of place in the gendering of physical activity. Social Science & Medicine, 196, pp.29-36.
In-text: (Cohen, 1988)
Your Bibliography: Cohen, J., 1988. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum Associates.
In-text: (Compte, Sepulveda and Torrente, 2015)
Your Bibliography: Compte, E., Sepulveda, A. and Torrente, F., 2015. A two-stage epidemiological study of eating disorders and muscle dysmorphia in male university students in Buenos Aires. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 48(8), pp.1092-1101.
In-text: (Connell and Messerschmidt, 2005)
Your Bibliography: Connell, R. and Messerschmidt, J., 2005. Hegemonic masculinity: Rethinking the concept. Gender & Society, 19(6), pp.829-859.
In-text: (de Sá Resende et al., 2019)
Your Bibliography: de Sá Resende, A., Ricardo Santos, L., de Macedo Rodrigues Leite, M., Falcao Raposo, O. and Simoes Mendes Netto, R., 2019. Hábitos alimentares e imagem corporal entre frequentadores de academias. O Mundo da Saúde, 43(1), pp.227-248.
In-text: (Deighton-Smith and Bell, 2018)
Your Bibliography: Deighton-Smith, N. and Bell, B., 2018. Objectifying fitness: A content and thematic analysis of #fitspiration images on social media. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 7(4), pp.467-483.
In-text: (Diehl and Baghurst, 2016)
Your Bibliography: Diehl, B. and Baghurst, T., 2016. Biopsychosocial factors in drives for muscularity and muscle dysmorphia among personal trainers. Cogent Psychology, 3(1), p.1243194.
In-text: (Durkin, Paxton and Sorbello, 2007)
Your Bibliography: Durkin, S., Paxton, S. and Sorbello, M., 2007. An Integrative Model of the Impact of Exposure to Idealized Female Images on Adolescent Girls? Body Satisfaction. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37(5), pp.1092-1117.
In-text: (Edwards, Tod, Molnar and Markland, 2016)
Your Bibliography: Edwards, C., Tod, D., Molnar, G. and Markland, D., 2016. Perceived social pressures and the internalization of the mesomorphic ideal: The role of drive for muscularity and autonomy in physically active men. Body Image, 16, pp.63-69.
In-text: (Faul, Erdfelder, Lang and Buchner, 2007)
Your Bibliography: Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. and Buchner, A., 2007. G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), pp.175-191.
In-text: (Field, 2018)
Your Bibliography: Field, A., 2018. Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. 5th ed. London: SAGE Publications.
In-text: (Franko et al., 2015)
Your Bibliography: Franko, D., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M., Rodgers, R., Holmqvist Gattario, K., Frisén, A., Diedrichs, P., Ricciardelli, L., Yager, Z., Smolak, L., Thompson-Brenner, H. and Shingleton, R., 2015. Internalization as a mediator of the relationship between conformity to masculine norms and body image attitudes and behaviors among young men in Sweden, US, UK, and Australia. Body Image, 15, pp.54-60.
In-text: (Frederick et al., 2017)
Your Bibliography: Frederick, D., Shapiro, L., Williams, T., Seoane, C., McIntosh, R. and Fischer, E., 2017. Precarious manhood and muscularity: Effects of threatening men’s masculinity on reported strength and muscle dissatisfaction. Body Image, 22, pp.156-165.
In-text: (Frederick et al., 2022)
Your Bibliography: Frederick, D., Tylka, T., Rodgers, R., Convertino, L., Pennesi, J., Parent, M., Brown, T., Compte, E., Cook-Cottone, C., Crerand, C., Malcarne, V., Nagata, J., Perez, M., Pila, E., Schaefer, L., Thompson, J. and Murray, S., 2022. Pathways from sociocultural and objectification constructs to body satisfaction among men: The U.S. Body Project I. Body Image, 41, pp.84-96.
In-text: (Fritz and MacKinnon, 2007)
Your Bibliography: Fritz, M. and MacKinnon, D., 2007. Required Sample Size to Detect the Mediated Effect. Psychological Science, 18(3), pp.233-239.
In-text: (Gattario et al., 2015)
Your Bibliography: Gattario, K., Frisén, A., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M., Ricciardelli, L., Diedrichs, P., Yager, Z., Franko, D. and Smolak, L., 2015. How is men’s conformity to masculine norms related to their body image? Masculinity and muscularity across Western countries. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 16(3), pp.337-347.
In-text: (Ghosh and Vogt, 2012)
Your Bibliography: Ghosh, D. and Vogt, A., 2012. Outliers: An Evaluation of Methodologies. Section on Survey Research Methods,.
In-text: (Gibbs, Salinas and Turnock, 2021)
Your Bibliography: Gibbs, N., Salinas, M. and Turnock, L., 2021. Post‐industrial masculinities and gym culture: Graft, craft, and fraternity. The British Journal of Sociology, 73(1), pp.220-236.
In-text: (Gill, Henwood and McLean, 2005)
Your Bibliography: Gill, R., Henwood, K. and McLean, C., 2005. Body Projects and the Regulation of Normative Masculinity. Body & Society, 11(1), pp.37-62.
In-text: (Gokee-LaRose, Dunn and Tantleff-Dunn, 2004)
Your Bibliography: Gokee-LaRose, J., Dunn, M. and Tantleff-Dunn, S., 2004. An investigation of the cognitive organization of body comparison sites in relation to physical appearance related anxiety and drive for thinness. Eating Behaviors, 5(2), pp.133-145.
In-text: (Goldman, Pope and Bhasin, 2018)
Your Bibliography: Goldman, A., Pope, H. and Bhasin, S., 2018. The Health Threat Posed by the Hidden Epidemic of Anabolic Steroid Use and Body Image Disorders Among Young Men. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 104(4), pp.1069-1074.
In-text: (Gough, 2007)
Your Bibliography: Gough, B., 2007. ‘Real men don’t diet’: An analysis of contemporary newspaper representations of men, food and health. Social Science & Medicine, 64(2), pp.326-337.
In-text: (Grieve and Helmick, 2008)
Your Bibliography: Grieve, R. and Helmick, A., 2008. The Influence of Men's Self-Objectification on the Drive for Muscularity: Self-Esteem, Body Satisfaction and Muscle Dysmorphia. International Journal of Men's Health, 7(3), pp.288-298.
In-text: (Griffiths and Stefanovski, 2019)
Your Bibliography: Griffiths, S. and Stefanovski, A., 2019. Thinspiration and fitspiration in everyday life: An experience sampling study. Body Image, 30, pp.135-144.
In-text: (Griffiths et al., 2017)
Your Bibliography: Griffiths, S., Murray, S., Bentley, C., Gratwick-Sarll, K., Harrison, C. and Mond, J., 2017. Sex Differences in Quality of Life Impairment Associated With Body Dissatisfaction in Adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 61(1), pp.77-82.
In-text: (Gul and Uskul, 2020)
Your Bibliography: Gul, P. and Uskul, A., 2020. An Alternative Account of Anti-Effeminacy Bias: Reputation Concerns and Lack of Coalitional Value Explain Honor-Oriented Men’s Reluctance to Befriend Feminine Men. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, p.014616722096366.
In-text: (Haferkamp and Krämer, 2011)
Your Bibliography: Haferkamp, N. and Krämer, N., 2011. Social Comparison 2.0: Examining the Effects of Online Profiles on Social-Networking Sites. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(5), pp.309-314.
In-text: (Hakim, 2018)
Your Bibliography: Hakim, J., 2018. ‘The Spornosexual’: the affective contradictions of male body-work in neoliberal digital culture. Journal of Gender Studies, 27(2), pp.231-241.
In-text: (Halliwell, Dittmar and Orsborn, 2007)
Your Bibliography: Halliwell, E., Dittmar, H. and Orsborn, A., 2007. The effects of exposure to muscular male models among men: Exploring the moderating role of gym use and exercise motivation. Body Image, 4(3), pp.278-287.
In-text: (Hargreaves and Tiggemann, 2006)
Your Bibliography: Hargreaves, D. and Tiggemann, M., 2006. 'Body Image is for Girls' A Qualitative Study of Boys' Body Image. Journal of Health Psychology, 11(4), pp.567-576.
In-text: (Hayes, 2012)
Your Bibliography: Hayes, A., 2012. PROCESS macro for SPSS. The Guilford Press.
In-text: (Henning and Andreasson, 2020)
Your Bibliography: Henning, A. and Andreasson, J., 2020. Preventing, producing, or reducing harm? Fitness doping risk and enabling environments. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 29(1), pp.95-104.
In-text: (Holland and Tiggemann, 2016)
Your Bibliography: Holland, G. and Tiggemann, M., 2016. A systematic review of the impact of the use of social networking sites on body image and disordered eating outcomes. Body Image, 17, pp.100-110.
In-text: (IHRSA, 2021)
Your Bibliography: IHRSA, 2021. THE NEXT FITNESS CONSUMER 10 KEY FINDINGS - An ABC Fitness Solutions Report. [ebook] Boston: IHRSA - International Health, Racquet & Sportsclub Association. Available at: <https://f.hubspotusercontent30.net/hubfs/167081/Publications/ABC%20Sponsored%20Report_Next%20Fitness%20Consumer.pdf?__hstc=192510837.15fb2a3f42a673ac19c70b66728c2b82.1660814468431.1660814468431.1660814468431.1&__hssc=192510837.5.1660814468432&__hsfp=3241428129&hsCtaTracking=17aa78ac-6104-4e49-acfe-3675941a658b%7C79b4642d-0efd-4e00-ae78-025fd4ad66c3> [Accessed 19 August 2022].
In-text: (Jacques, Hanson and Boothroyd, 2022)
Your Bibliography: Jacques, K., Hanson, L. and Boothroyd, L., 2022. Influence of exposure to high muscularity bodies on muscularity preferences and body satisfaction in young men.. University of Durham.
In-text: (Jankauskiene and Mieziene, 2013)
Your Bibliography: Jankauskiene, R. and Mieziene, B., 2013. Exercise goals as predictors of body image concerns, social physique anxiety and legal supplement use among fitness center exercisers. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 14(1), pp.69-91.
In-text: (Jankowski, Fawkner, Slater and Tiggemann, 2014)
Your Bibliography: Jankowski, G., Fawkner, H., Slater, A. and Tiggemann, M., 2014. “Appearance potent”? A content analysis of UK gay and straight men's magazines. Body Image, 11(4), pp.474-481.
In-text: (Jankowski et al., 2018)
Your Bibliography: Jankowski, G., Gough, B., Fawkner, H., Halliwell, E. and Diedrichs, P., 2018. Young men’s minimisation of their body dissatisfaction. Psychology & Health, 33(11), pp.1343-1363.
In-text: (Jones and Crawford, 2006)
Your Bibliography: Jones, D. and Crawford, J., 2006. Adolescent Boys and Body Image: Weight and Muscularity Concerns as Dual Pathways to Body Dissatisfaction. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34(6), pp.629-636.
In-text: (Jones, Vigfusdottir and Lee, 2004)
Your Bibliography: Jones, D., Vigfusdottir, T. and Lee, Y., 2004. Body Image and the Appearance Culture Among Adolescent Girls and Boys: An Examination of Friend Conversations, Peer Criticism, Appearance Magazines, and the Internalization of Appearance Ideals. Journal of Adolescent Research, 19(3), pp.323-339.
In-text: (Karazsia and Crowther, 2010)
Your Bibliography: Karazsia, B. and Crowther, J., 2010. Sociocultural and Psychological Links to Men’s Engagement in Risky Body Change Behaviors. Sex Roles, 63(9-10), pp.747-756.
In-text: (Kilpatrick, Hebert and Bartholomew, 2005)
Your Bibliography: Kilpatrick, M., Hebert, E. and Bartholomew, J., 2005. College Students' Motivation for Physical Activity: Differentiating Men's and Women's Motives for Sport Participation and Exercise. Journal of American College Health, 54(2), pp.87-94.
In-text: (Klimek et al., 2018)
Your Bibliography: Klimek, P., Murray, S., Brown, T., Gonzales IV, M. and Blashill, A., 2018. Thinness and muscularity internalization: Associations with disordered eating and muscle dysmorphia in men. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 51(4), pp.352-357.
In-text: (Koyuncu, Tok, Canpolat and Catikkas, 2010)
Your Bibliography: Koyuncu, M., Tok, S., Canpolat, A. and Catikkas, F., 2010. Body image satisfaction and dissatisfaction, social physique anxiety, self-esteem, and body fat ratio in female exercisers and nonexercisers. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 38(4), pp.561-570.
In-text: (Lamarche, Gammage and Ozimok, 2018)
Your Bibliography: Lamarche, L., Gammage, K. and Ozimok, B., 2018. The Gym as a Culture of Body Achievement: Exploring Negative and Positive Body Image Experiences in Men Attending University. SAGE Open, 8(2), p.215824401877810.
In-text: (Lange, 2019)
Your Bibliography: Lange, 2019. Topic: Fitness industry in the United Kingdom (UK). [online] Statista. Available at: <https://www.statista.com/topics/3411/ fitness-industry-in-the-united-kingdom-uk/> [Accessed 27 July 2022].
In-text: (Leit, Pope and Gray, 2001)
Your Bibliography: Leit, R., Pope, H. and Gray, J., 2001. Cultural expectations of muscularity in men: The evolution of playgirl centerfolds. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 29(1), pp.90-93.
In-text: (Lennon and Johnson, 2021)
Your Bibliography: Lennon, S. and Johnson, K., 2021. Men and muscularity research: a review. Fashion and Textiles, 8(1).
In-text: (Levant et al., 2020)
Your Bibliography: Levant, R., McDermott, R., Parent, M., Alshabani, N., Mahalik, J. and Hammer, J., 2020. Development and evaluation of a new short form of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI-30). Journal of Counseling Psychology, 67(5), pp.622-636.
In-text: (MacKinnon, Fairchild and Fritz, 2007)
Your Bibliography: MacKinnon, D., Fairchild, A. and Fritz, M., 2007. Mediation analysis. Annual Review of Psychology, 58(1), pp.593-614.
In-text: (Mahalik et al., 2003)
Your Bibliography: Mahalik, J., Locke, B., Ludlow, L., Diemer, M., Scott, R., Gottfried, M. and Freitas, G., 2003. Development of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 4(1), pp.3-25.
In-text: (Mahalik, Talmadge, Locke and Scott, 2005)
Your Bibliography: Mahalik, J., Talmadge, W., Locke, B. and Scott, R., 2005. Using the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory to work with men in a clinical setting. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61(6), pp.661-674.
In-text: (Mallon et al., 2019)
Your Bibliography: Mallon, S., Galway, K., Rondon-Sulbaran, J., Hughes, L. and Leavey, G., 2019. When health services are powerless to prevent suicide: results from a linkage study of suicide among men with no service contact in the year prior to death. Primary Health Care Research & Development, 20.
In-text: (Mayville et al., 2002)
Your Bibliography: Mayville, S., Williamson, D., White, M., Netemeyer, R. and Drab, D., 2002. Development of the Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale: A Self-Report Measure for the Assessment of Muscle Dysmorphia Symptoms. Assessment, 9(4), pp.351-360.
In-text: (McCreary and Saucier, 2009)
Your Bibliography: McCreary, D. and Saucier, D., 2009. Drive for muscularity, body comparison, and social physique anxiety in men and women. Body Image, 6(1), pp.24-30.
In-text: (McCreary, 2011)
Your Bibliography: McCreary, D., 2011. Body image and muscularity. In: T. Cash and L. Smolak, ed., Body image: A handbook of science, practice, and prevention. New York: The Guilford Press, pp.198-205.
In-text: (McCreary, Saucier and Courtenay, 2005)
Your Bibliography: McCreary, D., Saucier, D. and Courtenay, W., 2005. The Drive for Muscularity and Masculinity: Testing the Associations Among Gender-Role Traits, Behaviors, Attitudes, and Conflict. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 6(2), pp.83-94.
In-text: (Meadows, 2003)
Your Bibliography: Meadows, K., 2003. So you want to do research? 4: An introduction to quantitative methods. British Journal of Community Nursing, 8(11), pp.519-526.
In-text: (Mills and D'Alfonso, 2008)
Your Bibliography: Mills and D'Alfonso, 2008. Failure Influences How Men View Their Bodies. Research Snapshot, [online] Available at: <http://hdl.handle.net/10315/29125> [Accessed 28 July 2022].
In-text: (Murray et al., 2017)
Your Bibliography: Murray, S., Nagata, J., Griffiths, S., Calzo, J., Brown, T., Mitchison, D., Blashill, A. and Mond, J., 2017. The enigma of male eating disorders: A critical review and synthesis. Clinical Psychology Review, 57, pp.1-11.
In-text: (Myers and Crowther, 2009)
Your Bibliography: Myers, T. and Crowther, J., 2009. Social comparison as a predictor of body dissatisfaction: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 118(4), pp.683-698.
In-text: (Nieuwoudt, Zhou, Coutts and Booker, 2012)
Your Bibliography: Nieuwoudt, J., Zhou, S., Coutts, R. and Booker, R., 2012. Muscle dysmorphia: Current research and potential classification as a disorder. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(5), pp.569-577.
In-text: (O'gorman, Sheffield, Clarke and Griffiths, 2020)
Your Bibliography: O'gorman, B., Sheffield, J., Clarke, R. and Griffiths, S., 2020. “Guys don't talk about their bodies”: A qualitative investigation of male body dissatisfaction and sociocultural influences in a sample of 40 Australian males. Clinical Psychologist, 24(2), pp.123-132.
In-text: (Oliffe et al., 2017)
Your Bibliography: Oliffe, J., Kelly, M., Bottorff, J., Johnson, J. and Wong, S., 2017. "He’s more typically female because he’s not afraid to cry": Connecting heterosexual gender relations and men’s depression. Social Science & Medicine, 73(5), pp.775-782.
In-text: (Panão and Carraça, 2019)
Your Bibliography: Panão, I. and Carraça, E., 2019. Effects of exercise motivations on body image and eating habits/behaviours: A systematic review. Nutrition & Dietetics, 77(1), pp.41-59.
In-text: (Peat, Peyerl, Ferraro and Butler, 2011)
Your Bibliography: Peat, C., Peyerl, N., Ferraro, F. and Butler, M., 2011. Age and body image in Caucasian men. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 12(2), pp.195-200.
In-text: (Phillips and Menard, 2006)
Your Bibliography: Phillips, K. and Menard, W., 2006. Suicidality in Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Prospective Study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(7), pp.1280-1282.
In-text: (Pila, Barlow, Wrosch and Sabiston, 2016)
Your Bibliography: Pila, E., Barlow, M., Wrosch, C. and Sabiston, C., 2016. Comparing the body to superior others: Associations with daily exercise and body evaluation in men and women. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 27, pp.120-127.
In-text: (Pope et al., 2000)
Your Bibliography: Pope, H., Gruber, A., Mangweth, B., Bureau, B., deCol, C., Jouvent, R. and Hudson, J., 2000. Body Image Perception Among Men in Three Countries. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(8), pp.1297-1301.
In-text: (Prichard and Tiggemann, 2008)
Your Bibliography: Prichard, I. and Tiggemann, M., 2008. Relations among exercise type, self-objectification, and body image in the fitness centre environment: The role of reasons for exercise. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 9(6), pp.855-866.
In-text: (Pridgeon and Grogan, 2012)
Your Bibliography: Pridgeon, L. and Grogan, S., 2012. Understanding exercise adherence and dropout: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of men and women’s accounts of gym attendance and non-attendance. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 4(3), pp.382-399.
In-text: (Pritchard and Cramblitt, 2014)
Your Bibliography: Pritchard, M. and Cramblitt, B., 2014. Media Influence on Drive for Thinness and Drive for Muscularity. Sex Roles, 71(5-8), pp.208-218.
In-text: (Quick and Hall, 2015)
Your Bibliography: Quick, J. and Hall, S., 2015. Part Three: The Quantitative Approach. Journal of Perioperative Practice, 25(10), pp.192-196.
In-text: (Ricciardelli and McCabe, 2001)
Your Bibliography: Ricciardelli, L. and McCabe, M., 2001. Children's body image concerns and eating disturbance. Clinical Psychology Review, 21(3), pp.325-344.
In-text: (Ricciardelli and McCabe, 2004)
Your Bibliography: Ricciardelli, L. and McCabe, M., 2004. A Biopsychosocial Model of Disordered Eating and the Pursuit of Muscularity in Adolescent Boys. Psychological Bulletin, 130(2), pp.179-205.
In-text: (Rice, Fallon and Bambling, 2011)
Your Bibliography: Rice, S., Fallon, B. and Bambling, M., 2011. Men and Depression: The Impact of Masculine Role Norms Throughout the Lifespan. The Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist, 28(2), pp.133-144.
In-text: (Robert, Munroe-Chandler and Gammage, 2009)
Your Bibliography: Robert, C., Munroe-Chandler, K. and Gammage, K., 2009. The Relationship Between the Drive for Muscularity and Muscle Dysmorphia in Male and Female Weight Trainers. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(6), pp.1656-1662.
In-text: (Robertson, 2003)
Your Bibliography: Robertson, S., 2003. 'If I let a goal in, I'll get beat up': contradictions in masculinity, sport and health. Health Education Research, 18(6), pp.706-716.
In-text: (Rodgers, Ganchou, Franko and Chabrol, 2012)
Your Bibliography: Rodgers, R., Ganchou, C., Franko, D. and Chabrol, H., 2012. Drive for muscularity and disordered eating among French adolescent boys: A sociocultural model. Body Image, 9(3), pp.318-323.
In-text: (Ryckman, Butler, Thornton and Lindner, 1997)
Your Bibliography: Ryckman, R., Butler, J., Thornton, B. and Lindner, M., 1997. Assessment of physique subtype stereotypes. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 123(1), p.101+.
In-text: (Sabiston, Pila, Vani and Thogersen-Ntoumani, 2019)
Your Bibliography: Sabiston, C., Pila, E., Vani, M. and Thogersen-Ntoumani, C., 2019. Body image, physical activity, and sport: A scoping review. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 42, pp.48-57.
In-text: (Sandgren, Giske and Shalfawi, 2019)
Your Bibliography: Sandgren, S., Giske, R. and Shalfawi, S., 2019. Muscle dysmorphia in Norwegian gym-going men. Kinesiology, 51(1), pp.12-21.
In-text: (Schaefer, Burke and Thompson, 2018)
Your Bibliography: Schaefer, L., Burke, N. and Thompson, J., 2018. Thin-ideal internalization: How much is too much?. Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 24(5), pp.933-937.
In-text: (Schaefer et al., 2015)
Your Bibliography: Schaefer, L., Burke, N., Thompson, K., Dedrick, R., Heinberg, L., Calogero, R., Bardone-Cone, A., Higgins, M., Frederick, D. and Kelly, M., 2015. Development and Validation of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 (SATAQ-4). Psychological Assessment, 27, pp.54-67.
In-text: (Seekis, Bradley and Duffy, 2021)
Your Bibliography: Seekis, V., Bradley, G. and Duffy, A., 2021. Social networking sites and men’s drive for muscularity: Testing a revised objectification model. Psychology of Men & Masculinities, 22(1), pp.189-200.
In-text: (Sharon-David, Siekanska and Tenenbaum, 2020)
Your Bibliography: Sharon-David, H., Siekanska, M. and Tenenbaum, G., 2020. Are gyms fit for all? A scoping review of the barriers and facilitators to gym-based exercise participation experienced by people with physical disabilities. Performance Enhancement & Health, 9(1), p.100170.
In-text: (Smolak and Murnen, 2008)
Your Bibliography: Smolak, L. and Murnen, S., 2008. Drive for leanness: Assessment and relationship to gender, gender role and objectification. Body Image, 5(3), pp.251-260.
In-text: (Stapleton, McIntyre and Bannatyne, 2014)
Your Bibliography: Stapleton, P., McIntyre, T. and Bannatyne, A., 2014. Body image avoidance, body dissatisfaction, and eating pathology: Is there a difference between male gym users and non–gym users?. American Journal of Men's Health, 10(2), pp.100-109.
In-text: (Steinfeldt et al., 2011)
Your Bibliography: Steinfeldt, J., Gilchrist, G., Halterman, A., Gomory, A. and Steinfeldt, M., 2011. Drive for muscularity and conformity to masculine norms among college football players. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 12(4), pp.324-338.
In-text: (Stratton, Donovan, Bramwell and Loxton, 2015)
Your Bibliography: Stratton, R., Donovan, C., Bramwell, S. and Loxton, N., 2015. Don’t stop till you get enough: Factors driving men towards muscularity. Body Image, 15, pp.72-80.
In-text: (Strelan and Hargreaves, 2005)
Your Bibliography: Strelan, P. and Hargreaves, D., 2005. Reasons for Exercise and Body Esteem: Men's Responses to Self-Objectification. Sex Roles, 53(7-8), pp.495-503.
In-text: (Tager, Good and Morrison, 2006)
Your Bibliography: Tager, D., Good, G. and Morrison, J., 2006. Our Bodies, Ourselves Revisited: Male Body Image and Psychological Well-Being. International Journal of Men's Health, 5(3), pp.228-237.
In-text: (Tajfel, 1979)
Your Bibliography: Tajfel, H., 1979. Individuals and groups in social psychology*. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 18(2), pp.183-190.
In-text: (The British Psychological Society, 2021)
Your Bibliography: The British Psychological Society, 2021. BPS Code of Human Research Ethics. [online] The British Psychological Society. Available at: <https://cms.bps.org.uk/sites/default/files/2022-06/BPS%20Code%20of%20Human%20Research%20Ethics%20%281%29.pdf> [Accessed 26 July 2022].
In-text: (The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, 2013)
Your Bibliography: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, 2013. Table 23 DSM-IV to DSM-5 Body Dysmorphic Disorder Comparison. [online] National Library of Medicine. Available at: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519712/table/ch3.t19/> [Accessed 27 July 2022].
In-text: (Thompson and Heinberg, 1999)
Your Bibliography: Thompson, J. and Heinberg, L., 1999. The Media's Influence on Body Image Disturbance and Eating Disorders: We've Reviled Them, Now Can We Rehabilitate Them?. Journal of Social Issues, 55(2), pp.339-353.
In-text: (Thompson, Coovert and Stormer., 1999)
Your Bibliography: Thompson, J., Coovert, M. and Stormer., S., 1999. Body image, social comparison, and eating disturbance: A covariance structure modeling investigation. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 26(1), pp.43-51.
In-text: (Thornborrow et al., 2020)
Your Bibliography: Thornborrow, T., Onwuegbusi, T., Mohamed, S., Boothroyd, L. and Tovée, M., 2020. Muscles and the Media: A Natural Experiment Across Cultures in Men’s Body Image. Frontiers in Psychology, 11.
In-text: (Turner et al., 1988)
Your Bibliography: Turner, J., Hogg, M., Oakes, P., Reicher, S. and Wetherell, M., 1988. Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
In-text: (Turnock, 2021)
Your Bibliography: Turnock, L., 2021. Rural gym spaces and masculine physical cultures in an ‘age of change’: Rurality, masculinity, inequalities and harm in ‘the gym’. Journal of Rural Studies, 86, pp.106-116.
In-text: (Tylka and Andorka, 2012)
Your Bibliography: Tylka, T. and Andorka, M., 2012. Support for an expanded tripartite influence model with gay men. Body Image, 9(1), pp.57-67.
In-text: (Tylka, 2011)
Your Bibliography: Tylka, T., 2011. Refinement of the tripartite influence model for men: Dual body image pathways to body change behaviors. Body Image, 8(3), pp.199-207.
In-text: (Vartanian, Giant and Passino, 2001)
Your Bibliography: Vartanian, L., Giant, C. and Passino, R., 2001. “ALLY MCBEAL VS. ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER”: COMPARING MASS MEDIA, INTERPERSONAL FEEDBACK AND GENDER AS PREDICTORS OF SATISFACTION WITH BODY THINNESS AND MUSCULARITY. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 29(7), pp.711-723.
In-text: (Warburton and Bredin, 2017)
Your Bibliography: Warburton, D. and Bredin, S., 2017. Health benefits of physical activity: a systematic review of current systematic reviews. Current Opinion in Cardiology, 32(5), pp.541-556.
In-text: (Webb and Zimmer-Gembeck, 2013)
Your Bibliography: Webb, H. and Zimmer-Gembeck, M., 2013. The Role of Friends and Peers in Adolescent Body Dissatisfaction: A Review and Critique of 15 Years of Research. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 24(4), pp.564-590.
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